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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
Sutures of the Skull01:22

Sutures of the Skull

The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
Overview of the Skull01:08

Overview of the Skull

The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...
Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
Anatomy of the Brain: Ventricles01:18

Anatomy of the Brain: Ventricles

There are hollow fluid-filled cavities known as ventricles deep inside the human brain. There are two lateral ventricles, one in each cerebral hemisphere, and each has three different projections — the anterior, inferior, and posterior horns visible from the lateral side. A thin membrane called the septum pellucidum separates the two lateral ventricles. The slender third ventricle in the diencephalon is connected to each lateral ventricle via a channel called the interventricular foramen. The...
Overview of the Axial Skeleton01:09

Overview of the Axial Skeleton

The skeleton is subdivided into two major divisions—the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton forms the vertical, central axis of the body. It includes all of the bones of the head, neck, chest, and back. It protects the brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs. It also serves as the attachment site for muscles that move the head, neck, and back and for muscles that act across the shoulder and hip joints to move their corresponding limbs.
The axial skeleton of the adult...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Intravital Longitudinal Imaging of Vascular Dynamics in the Calvarial Bone Marrow
10:49

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Published on: April 11, 2025

Median defect in the skull.

R Singh1, M Bandyopadhyay

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Calcutta National Medical College, 32 Gorachand Road, Kolkata 700014, West Bengal, India. singhroyana@rediffmail.com

Singapore Medical Journal
|February 28, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare median defect was found in the nasal root of a human skull. This anatomical variation may stem from developmental abnormalities in the prenasal space and nasal capsule.

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Embryology
  • Osteology

Background:

  • Anatomical variations can provide insights into developmental processes.
  • Understanding skull development is crucial for diagnosing congenital anomalies.

Observation:

  • A median defect was observed at the root of the nose in a 44-year-old female cadaver's dried skull.
  • The nasal bones, lacrimal bones, and maxillary bones showed deformities.

Findings:

  • The median nasal defect is hypothesized to result from abnormalities in the fonticulus frontalis, prenasal space, and interorbitonasal nasal capsule.
  • Ossification defects in the maxilla, lacrimal, and frontal bones are also implicated.

Implications:

  • This case highlights potential developmental pathways for craniofacial anomalies.
  • Further research into the prenasal space and nasal capsule development is warranted.
  • Such findings can aid in the diagnosis and understanding of congenital nasal and orbital malformations.