Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 7, 2026

06:08
Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro
Published on: March 6, 2019
Knowledge of the risks associated with skin bleaching among Togolese users
L Kpanake1, M T Munoz Sastre, P C Sorum
1Department of Psychology, University of Lomé, Lome, Togo.
Tropical Doctor
|February 28, 2008
Summary
Togolese users significantly underestimate health risks from regular bleaching agent use. Increased frequency of use correlates with greater risk underestimation, highlighting a critical public health concern.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Public Health
- Toxicology
Background:
- Skin bleaching agents are widely used globally, particularly in certain regions.
- Concerns exist regarding the potential health consequences of regular exposure to these agents.
- Understanding user knowledge of risks is crucial for targeted health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the awareness of health risks associated with regular bleaching agent use among Togolese individuals.
- To identify specific risks that are most underestimated.
- To explore the relationship between usage frequency and risk perception.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study was conducted.
- Data was collected through surveys assessing knowledge of bleaching agent health risks.
- Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate risk underestimation and its correlation with usage frequency.
Main Results:
- A significant underestimation of major health risks associated with bleaching agents was observed in the Togolese population.
- Frequent users demonstrated a higher degree of underestimation compared to infrequent users.
- Key risks, such as [specific risks if known, otherwise state 'certain adverse effects'], were particularly underestimated.
Conclusions:
- There is a critical gap in knowledge regarding the health dangers of bleaching agents among Togolese users.
- Public health strategies are needed to educate users about the severe risks, especially for frequent consumers.
- Interventions should address the correlation between usage frequency and the underestimation of health hazards.
Related Concept Videos
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives
The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Pigmentation
The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Acne Infection
Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...
Skin Cancer
Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis
The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).
Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison
In cases of acute poisoning, the primary objective is to prevent further absorption of the toxic substance into the body. Immediate interventions using various decontamination techniques targeting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can achieve this. Decontamination is crucial to prevent poison from entering the systemic circulation, which involves washing affected areas with water and mild soap and removing contaminated clothing. Once external decontamination is done, attention must be turned to...
![Chemical-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis Model Using Dimethylbenz[a]Anthracene and 12-O-Tetradecanoyl Phorbol-13-Acetate (DMBA-TPA)](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront.jove.com%2FCDNSource%2Fteasers%2F60445.jpg&w=3840&q=50)