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Bacteriolytic effect of teicoplanin.

H Chmara¹, S Ripa, F Mignini

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Technical University of Gdańsk, Poland.

Journal of General Microbiology

|April 1, 1991

Summary

Teicoplanin antibiotic causes rapid bacterial lysis, particularly in Gram-positive bacteria like Streptococcus faecalis and Bacillus spp. Its lytic effect is influenced by concentration, growth phase, pH, and bacterial autolytic activity.

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Antibiotic Resistance
Bacterial Physiology

Background:

Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide antibiotic, similar to vancomycin, used to study bacterial autolytic systems.
Gram-positive bacteria are the primary targets for teicoplanin's lytic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the bacteriolytic effects of teicoplanin on Gram-positive bacteria.
To understand the factors influencing teicoplanin-induced bacterial lysis.

Main Methods:

Exposure of Streptococcus faecalis and Bacillus spp. to varying concentrations of teicoplanin.
Assessment of lysis based on growth phase, growth rate, pH, Mg2+ presence, and specific peptide inhibitors.
Comparison of wild-type and mutant strains with altered autolytic activity.

Main Results:

Teicoplanin induced rapid lysis in exponential phase Streptococcus faecalis and was highly effective against Bacillus spp. at low concentrations.
Lysis was dependent on antibiotic concentration, bacterial growth phase/rate, and pH, with acidic conditions conferring tolerance.
Mutants with reduced autolytic activity showed increased resistance, and lysis was inhibited by Ac-L-Lys(Ac)-D-Ala-D-Ala peptide.

Conclusions:

Teicoplanin is a potent bacteriolytic agent against sensitive Gram-positive bacteria, with its efficacy modulated by physiological conditions.
Bacterial autolytic activity and environmental pH are critical determinants of teicoplanin's lytic action.
Teicoplanin's mechanism may involve cell membrane integrity, distinguishing it from vancomycin in some aspects.

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