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Related Concept Videos

CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine01:27

CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine

Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
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Protection of Alcohols

This lesson delves into the concept of protection and deprotection of a functional group fundamental to synthetic organic chemistry. These phenomena are explained in the context of aliphatic and aromatic alcohols.
Protection
It defines a protecting group as the masking agent to make the more reactive species inert to a given set of conditions. This concept is depicted via the illustration of liquid flow through different outlets in an assembly of pipes. The analogy helps to understand the role...
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Depressants

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Alcohol is a common depressant that can induce a sense of relaxation and reduced inhibition at low doses. Contrary to its occasional...
Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction02:23

Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction

Reduction is a simple strategy to convert a carbonyl group to a hydroxyl group. The three major pathways to reduce carbonyls to alcohols are catalytic hydrogenation, hydride reduction, and borane reduction.
Catalytic hydrogenation is similar to the reduction of an alkene or alkyne by adding H2 across the pi bond in the presence of transition metal catalysts like Raney Ni, Pd–C, Pt, or Ru. Aldehydes and ketones can be reduced by this method, often under mild to moderate heat (25–100°C) and...
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
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Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not necessarily...

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Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder
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Published on: June 23, 2023

Alcohol abuse in adolescents.

P McArdle1

  • 1Fleming Nuffield Unit, Newcastle, NE3 4EX, UK. mcardlep@btinternet.com

Archives of Disease in Childhood
|February 29, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Adolescent alcohol abuse in the UK is common and leads to serious health issues. Medical professionals can effectively help young people with alcohol problems with concerted effort.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Adolescent Medicine
  • Addiction Science

Background:

  • Alcohol abuse among adolescents is a significant public health concern in the United Kingdom.
  • It stems from complex cultural, economic, and biological factors.
  • Adverse health and psychosocial consequences are prevalent, with some young individuals showing physiological dependence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the prevalence and impact of adolescent alcohol abuse in the UK.
  • To emphasize the medical profession's capacity to address this issue.
  • To encourage a more effective medical response to troubled young people with alcohol-related problems.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and clinical experience interpretation.
  • Analysis of medical presentations related to adolescent alcohol abuse.

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The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans
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  • Assessment of practitioner capacity to respond to affected youth.

    • Main Results:

    • Adolescent alcohol abuse is widespread in the UK, leading to intoxication, injury, self-harm, psychosocial issues, and longer-term adverse outcomes.
    • Evidence of physiological dependence is emerging even in younger patients.
    • Practitioners may underestimate their ability to effectively help these young people.

    Conclusions:

    • The medical profession possesses a greater capacity to address adolescent alcohol abuse than often perceived.
    • A focused, concerted effort can significantly improve the relevance and effectiveness of medical care for these individuals.
    • Enhancing medical response is crucial for supporting adolescents facing alcohol-related challenges.