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Analytical waveform generation from small objects in lidar bathymetry.

H M Tulldahl¹, K O Steinvall

¹Department of Laser Systems, Defence Research Establishment, PO Box 1165, S-58111 Linköping, Sweden.

|February 29, 2008

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This study models airborne lidar sea-depth sounding to assess object shape influence on seafloor returns. Differences between cylinder and cube shapes were minimal, validating the simulation model against experimental data.

Area of Science:

Oceanography
Geophysics
Remote Sensing

Background:

Airborne lidar systems are crucial for sea-depth sounding and seafloor mapping.
Understanding how seafloor object shapes affect lidar return waveforms is essential for accurate bathymetry and object detection.
Existing models require validation for diverse seafloor scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a simulation model for airborne sea-depth-sounding lidar.
To investigate the influence of different seafloor object shapes (cylinder vs. cube) on receiver waveforms.
To compare simulated lidar waveforms with experimental data for model verification.

Main Methods:

Utilized an analytical beam-propagation model to simulate lidar waveforms.
Discretized the seafloor into a grid of elements for waveform calculation.

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Generated and summed transmitted and reflected waveforms for each grid element.

Compared simulated waveforms for 1 m³ cylindrical and cubic objects at 5-12 m depths.

Main Results:

The simulation model accurately replicates experimental data from the Swedish Hawk Eye system.
Simulated receiver waveforms showed minimal differences between cylindrical and cubic seafloor objects.
The model successfully captures the complex interactions of lidar signals with the seafloor.

Conclusions:

The developed lidar simulation model provides a reliable tool for analyzing seafloor acoustic and optical responses.
Object shape has a limited impact on receiver waveforms in the studied sea-depth sounding conditions.
The model's agreement with experimental data validates its utility for future seafloor characterization studies.