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A Standardized Surgical Technique for Tessier Medial Transnasal Canthopexy

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Trephinations--old surgical intervention.

B Skvarilová¹, C Povýsil, M Horák

¹Hrdlicka Museum of Man, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. bozena_skvarilova@centrum.cz

Acta Chirurgiae Plasticae

|March 1, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Skull trepanation, a Neolithic surgical practice, involved various methods with survival rates from 25-75%. Examination revealed two defect types, indicating long-term healing or post-mortem trauma.

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Area of Science:

Paleopathology
Archaeological Science
Surgical History

Background:

Trepanation, a skull surgery, has ancient origins dating back 7,000 years.
Performed globally for therapeutic or ritualistic purposes, predominantly on older males.
Four distinct methods were employed: scratching, cutting, drilling, and circling.

Observation:

Analysis of three trephined skulls from Hrdlicka's Museum of Man.
Macroscopic, CT, and histopathological examinations were conducted.
Two primary types of bone defects were identified.

Findings:

Type 1 defects showed margins covered by new cortical bone, suggesting long-term healing or congenital origin.
Type 2 defects lacked cortical bone margins, indicating post-mortem trauma or rapid death post-procedure.
Survival rates varied significantly (25-75%), with cutting and drilling being the most perilous methods.

Implications:

Understanding healing processes and survival rates in ancient surgical practices.
Differentiating between ante-mortem and post-mortem cranial defects.
Provides insights into Neolithic medical practices and their outcomes.