An intervention to modify expectations of unrealistic rewards from thinness

This study examined the influence of expectancies about rewards from thinness (RFT) on unhealthy dieting. Females (N=63) participated in a structured discussion about either the benefits or costs of dieting, and target attitudes and behaviors were assessed immediately and at 4-week follow-up. Results suggest that (1) outcome expectancies are important in one's decision to diet; (2) compared to unrestrained eaters, restrained eaters have elevated RFT expectancies; (3) RFT expectancies are amenable to change; and (4) modifying RFT expectancies can shift dieting attitudes and behaviors (participants in the negative expectancy condition had more accurate perceptions of healthy weight, reported intentions to diet less often and less strictly in the future, and made more liberal food choices in a subsequent meal situation). Implications for prevention of unrealistic expectations and unhealthy dieting behaviors are discussed.