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High Speed Droplet-based Delivery System for Passive Pumping in Microfluidic Devices

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Drop retention force as a function of drop size.

Preeti S Yadav¹, Prashant Bahadur, Rafael Tadmor

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids

|March 1, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The force needed to slide a liquid drop across a surface is not constant with volume, contrary to the Dussan equation. Drop resting time also impacts this sliding force, suggesting complex surface interactions.

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Area of Science:

Fluid dynamics
Surface science
Materials science

Background:

The force (f) to slide a drop is often modeled as proportional to drop width (w), or f/V^(1/3) = constant, assuming constant contact angles.
The Dussan equation simplifies this relationship for constant advancing and receding contact angles.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between sliding force, drop volume, and resting time on a surface.
To determine if the Dussan equation accurately predicts experimental results for sliding drop forces.
To elucidate the physical phenomena causing variations in sliding force with drop size and resting time.

Main Methods:

Experimental measurement of the force required to slide liquid drops of varying volumes across a surface.
Systematic variation of the time drops rested on the surface before sliding.
Analysis of the relationship between sliding force (f), drop volume (V), and resting time.

Main Results:

Experimentally, the ratio f/V^(1/3) is typically a decaying function of V, not a constant.
The retention force increases with the time the drop rested on the surface.
The observed size effect on f/V^(1/3) is independent of the resting-time effect, indicating different underlying physical mechanisms.
Contact angle variations within experimental scatter are sufficient to explain force variations, rather than the Dussan equation's assumptions.

Conclusions:

The Dussan equation's simplification of sliding force as constant with volume (f/V^(1/3)) is not experimentally supported.
Both drop resting time and drop size influence sliding force through distinct physical phenomena.
Surface deformation due to unsatisfied Young's equation likely causes the resting-time effect.
Time-independent properties are responsible for the size effect.
Predicting contact angle from force measurements is more feasible than the reverse.