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Related Concept Videos

Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
Infection01:20

Infection

When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
Trichomoniasis01:18

Trichomoniasis

Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan parasite and the causative agent of trichomoniasis, one of the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infections in the United States. This extracellular parasite primarily colonizes the lower genitourinary tract in women—particularly the vagina—and in men, the urethra and prostate. Its structural and functional adaptations enable its survival, motility, and pathogenicity within the host environment.Structural Features and Host EntryT.
Amebiasis01:28

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
Genital Herpes01:23

Genital Herpes

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...
Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...

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Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Sexual Transmission of American Trypanosomes from Males and Females to Naive Mates
13:55

Sexual Transmission of American Trypanosomes from Males and Females to Naive Mates

Published on: January 27, 2019

Conquering sexually transmitted diseases.

Michael N Starnbach1, Nadia R Roan

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. starnbach@hms.harvard.edu

Nature Reviews. Immunology
|March 1, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) pose significant public health and economic challenges. Overcoming these infections requires addressing technical and ethical hurdles in treatment and prevention, including vaccine development.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Ethics

Background:

  • Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) represent a substantial global public health concern.
  • These infections impose considerable economic burdens due to treatment costs and long-term health consequences.
  • Existing strategies for STD prevention and treatment face significant challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the multifaceted public health and social issues linked to STDs.
  • To discuss the technical and ethical complexities inherent in managing and treating STDs.
  • To identify critical questions for future research and policy development to effectively combat STDs.

Main Methods:

  • This article provides a review and discussion of existing literature and challenges.
  • It synthesizes information on the public health impact of STDs.
  • It critically examines the technical and ethical considerations in STD control.

Main Results:

  • STDs present complex public health and social problems.
  • Significant technical and ethical challenges impede effective STD treatment and prevention.
  • Vaccine development for sexually transmitted pathogens has yielded varied success.

Conclusions:

  • Conquering STDs necessitates a comprehensive approach addressing both scientific and ethical dimensions.
  • Further research and policy interventions are crucial to overcome current obstacles.
  • Addressing the identified challenges is essential for improving global sexual health outcomes.