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Related Concept Videos

RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...

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Real-time Imaging of Single Engineered RNA Transcripts in Living Cells Using Ratiometric Bimolecular Beacons
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Real-time Imaging of Single Engineered RNA Transcripts in Living Cells Using Ratiometric Bimolecular Beacons

Published on: August 6, 2014

Modular RNA heats up.

Ilya Shamovsky1, Evgeny Nudler

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Molecular Cell
|March 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alu RNA, a type of human SINE RNA, acts as a novel transcription factor. This noncoding RNA represses RNA polymerase II during heat shock, showcasing a unique modular structure.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) are repetitive DNA sequences found in genomes.
  • Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play crucial roles in gene regulation.
  • Heat shock response is a cellular defense mechanism against stress.

Discussion:

  • Alu RNA, derived from human SINEs, functions as a repressor of RNA polymerase II transcription.
  • This repression is specifically observed during heat shock conditions.
  • The study identifies Alu RNA as the first noncoding RNA with a "protein-like" transcription factor activity.

Key Insights:

  • Alu RNA exhibits a distinct modular architecture, contributing to its regulatory function.
  • This finding expands the known repertoire of transcription factors beyond proteins.
  • Demonstrates a novel mechanism of gene regulation involving ncRNAs during stress response.

Outlook:

  • Further investigation into the modular domains of Alu RNA and their specific interactions.
  • Exploring the broader implications of ncRNA-mediated transcription regulation in other cellular processes.
  • Potential therapeutic applications targeting ncRNA-based gene regulation.