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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis

Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis

Published on: March 29, 2016

Direct current H(-) source for boron neutron capture therapy tandem accelerator.

Yu Belchenko¹, A Sanin, I Gusev

¹Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia.

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|March 5, 2008

Summary

This study details the operation of a direct current H(-) ion source for a 2 MeV tandem accelerator. The source achieved stable H(-) ion beams up to 8 mA with low emittance, demonstrating its effectiveness.

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Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis

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Published on: March 29, 2016

Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh

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Published on: May 3, 2019

Area of Science:

Physics
Accelerator Technology
Plasma Physics

Background:

Tandem accelerators require reliable negative hydrogen (H-) ion sources for efficient operation.
Previous ion source designs faced challenges in achieving high current and low emittance simultaneously.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the operational experience and performance of a direct current H(-) ion source.
To evaluate the source's capability in delivering stable H(-) ion beams for a 2 MeV tandem accelerator.

Main Methods:

The H(-) ion source utilizes a Penning discharge with a cesiated anode for negative ion production.
Plasma is injected from hollow cathode inserts to sustain the discharge.
Beam current, energy, and emittance were measured over one year of operation.

Main Results:

The source consistently delivered H(-) ion beams with controlled currents ranging from 1 to 8 mA.
The ion beam energy reached up to 25 keV.
A normalized 1 rms emittance of less than 0.2 pi mm mrad was achieved for an 8 mA beam.

Conclusions:

The direct current H(-) ion source demonstrates robust performance and reliability for tandem accelerator applications.
The achieved beam parameters meet the requirements for efficient accelerator operation.
The design, utilizing a cesiated anode and plasma injection, is effective for generating high-quality H(-) ion beams.