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Pacific boletes: implications for biogeographic relationships.

Roy E Halling¹, Todd W Osmundson, Maria-Alice Neves

¹Institute of Systematic Botany, Lewis B. & Dorothy Cullman Program for Molecular Systematics Studies, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458-5126, USA. rhalling@nybg.org

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Summary

Understanding bolete fungal distribution relies on their plant partnerships. Phylogeographic analysis of Tylopilus ballouii suggests geographic structuring but also long-distance dispersal, indicating isolated populations.

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Area of Science:

Mycology
Plant-Fungal Symbiosis
Biogeography
Molecular Phylogenetics

Background:

The biogeographic distribution of bolete fungi is intrinsically linked to their obligate symbiotic relationships with plant partners.
While plant associations offer insights into fungal distribution, migration processes and disjunct patterns remain poorly understood.
Phylogeographic studies are crucial for elucidating the distribution of widespread bolete taxa.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the phylogeography of the putatively widespread bolete species, Tylopilus ballouii.
To analyze the influence of plant associations and dispersal mechanisms on bolete distribution patterns.
To assess population structure and divergence using molecular data.

Main Methods:

Sequencing of the Large Subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU rDNA) and RNA Polymerase II subunit B1 (RPB1) genes.
Phylogeographic analysis of Tylopilus ballouii accessions.
Comparative analysis of genetic data to infer population structure and dispersal events.

Main Results:

LSU rDNA sequence data indicated geographic structuring among the analyzed Tylopilus ballouii samples.
RPB1 sequence data suggested the possibility of long-distance dispersal events, potentially human-mediated, or obscured geographical patterns due to selection.
Molecular divergence in RPB1 data refuted panmixis, supporting long-term population isolation.

Conclusions:

The study highlights the complex interplay of geographic structuring and long-distance dispersal in shaping bolete fungal distributions.
Evidence suggests that Tylopilus ballouii populations have experienced significant isolation over extended periods.
Further research is needed to fully understand the factors driving dispersal and population divergence in boletes.