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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Achalasia01:27

Esophageal Achalasia

Esophageal achalasia is a chronic neurogenic disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and absent or ineffective peristalsis in the distal esophagus. This leads to a functional obstruction without a physical blockage, despite significant disruption of esophageal motility.EtiologyAchalasia is caused by degeneration of the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus, specifically the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)...
Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management01:26

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management

Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
Healthcare providers should gather a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination for diagnosis. If esophageal stricture is...
Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus.
Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece01:23

Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece

Oxygen delivery is critical in clinical care, especially for patients with respiratory disorders or those undergoing surgical procedures. Various systems, such as tracheostomy and the T-piece, deliver oxygen to the lungs, ensuring adequate arterial oxygenation.
Tracheostomy
A tracheostomy is a surgically created opening (stoma) in the anterior part of the trachea. It is used to establish a patient airway, bypass an upper airway obstruction, simplify the removal of secretions, permit long-term...
Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction01:21

Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction

Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more similar...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

An Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy Designed to Minimize Anastomotic Complications and Optimize Conduit Function
09:40

An Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy Designed to Minimize Anastomotic Complications and Optimize Conduit Function

Published on: April 17, 2020

Substernal long segment left colon interposition for oesophageal replacement.

A Z Khan1, I Nikolopolous, A J Botha

  • 1Department of Surgery, St Thomas's Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, UK. aamirzkhan@yahoo.com

The Surgeon : Journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland
|March 6, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Colonic reconstruction for esophageal substitution uses transposed colon segments. This study details a substernal technique, highlighting nutritional optimization, pulmonary function, and thymectomy for improved outcomes in esophageal replacement.

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Robotic Heller Myotomy for Advancements in Surgical Management of Achalasia
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Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical techniques
  • Gastroenterology
  • Thoracic surgery

Background:

  • Long segments of colon on a vascular pedicle have historically been used for esophageal substitution.
  • Techniques for colonic reconstruction in esophageal replacement remain a subject of debate among surgeons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a specific substernal long segment colon replacement technique for esophageal substitution.
  • To emphasize key management aspects for patients undergoing this procedure.

Main Methods:

  • Substernal long segment colon replacement technique described.
  • Emphasis on optimizing nutritional status and pulmonary function.
  • Inclusion of thymectomy to facilitate colonic segment placement and prevent venous congestion.

Main Results:

  • The described technique aims to provide a viable option for esophageal substitution.
  • Key aspects of patient management, including nutritional and pulmonary support, are crucial.
  • Thymectomy is highlighted as a method to prevent venous congestion by creating space.

Conclusions:

  • Substernal long segment colon replacement is a valuable technique for esophageal substitution.
  • Multidisciplinary care in specialist units with intensive care and radiological support is essential for optimal patient outcomes.