Development of the Gross Motor Function Classification System for cerebral palsy

Area of Science:

• Pediatrics
• Neurology
• Developmental Disabilities

Background:

• The Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) is an internationally recognized tool for assessing children with cerebral palsy.
• Its widespread use spans clinical practice, research endeavors, and administrative functions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To document the conceptualization and development process of the GMFCS.
• To share insights and lessons learned from its creation.
• To explore philosophical challenges in developing functional classification systems for neurodevelopmental disorders.

Main Methods:

• Historical review of the GMFCS development.
• Analysis of the challenges in creating a valid and consistent functional classification system.
• Discussion of the philosophical underpinnings of functional assessment.

Main Results:

• The GMFCS was developed through a collaborative international effort.
• Key lessons were learned regarding the complexities of classifying functional abilities.
• Significant philosophical challenges exist in creating ordered, valid, and consistent systems.

Conclusions:

• The GMFCS serves as a foundational system for classifying motor function in cerebral palsy.
• The experiences and challenges in developing the GMFCS offer valuable guidance for future classification system development.
• This work aims to assist others in creating new systems for various areas of childhood neurodisability.