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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

Aneurysm I: Introduction

An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Technical Aspects of the Mouse Aortocaval Fistula
06:12

Technical Aspects of the Mouse Aortocaval Fistula

Published on: July 11, 2013

[No ordinary anal fistula...].

M Gierthmühlen1, G Laiffer, C T Viehl

  • 1Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsspital, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.

Der Internist
|March 6, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Tuberculosis can manifest in the colon, mimicking Crohn's disease. Early diagnosis of tuberculous proctitis is vital to prevent severe complications, especially if immunosuppressive therapy is considered.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Technical Aspects of the Mouse Aortocaval Fistula
06:12

Technical Aspects of the Mouse Aortocaval Fistula

Published on: July 11, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Extrapulmonary tuberculosis presents diagnostic challenges.
  • Chronic gastrointestinal symptoms can mask underlying infections.

Observation:

  • A 63-year-old male presented with chronic diarrhea, anal discharge, fistula, and ulceration.
  • Initial investigations suggested Crohn's Disease.

Findings:

  • Histology and M. tuberculosis cultures confirmed tuberculous proctitis with perianal disease.
  • The patient had a history of tuberculosis 56 years prior.

Implications:

  • Accurate diagnosis of tuberculous proctitis is essential for appropriate treatment.
  • Misdiagnosis and subsequent immunosuppression can worsen tuberculosis outcomes.