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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

The Isolation, Differentiation, and Quantification of Human Antibody-secreting B Cells from Blood: ELISpot as a Functional Readout of Humoral Immunity
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The Isolation, Differentiation, and Quantification of Human Antibody-secreting B Cells from Blood: ELISpot as a Functional Readout of Humoral Immunity

Published on: December 14, 2016

CD27 defines phenotypically and functionally different human NK cell subsets.

Mireille T M Vossen1, Mourad Matmati, Kirsten M L Hertoghs

  • 1Department of Experimental Immunology, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|March 7, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The absence of CD27 marks cytotoxic effector function in human NK cells. CD27- NK cells are potent killers, while CD27+ cells are less cytotoxic and found in lymphoid organs.

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Generation of Natural Killer Cells from Human Expanded Potential Stem Cells
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Generation of Natural Killer Cells from Human Expanded Potential Stem Cells

Published on: January 13, 2023

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Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

The Isolation, Differentiation, and Quantification of Human Antibody-secreting B Cells from Blood: ELISpot as a Functional Readout of Humoral Immunity
08:26

The Isolation, Differentiation, and Quantification of Human Antibody-secreting B Cells from Blood: ELISpot as a Functional Readout of Humoral Immunity

Published on: December 14, 2016

Generation of Natural Killer Cells from Human Expanded Potential Stem Cells
06:53

Generation of Natural Killer Cells from Human Expanded Potential Stem Cells

Published on: January 13, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • CD27, a TNF-receptor family member, is crucial for T cell effector functions.
  • Natural Killer (NK) cells are key players in innate immunity and cytotoxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of CD27 expression in human NK cell subsets.
  • To define the functional and developmental significance of CD27 on NK cells.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry analysis of CD27 expression on circulating and tissue-resident human NK cells.
  • Assessment of cytotoxic markers (perforin, granzyme B) and cytolytic activity.
  • Correlation of CD27 expression with NK cell developmental stages and cytokine/ligand regulation.

Main Results:

  • The majority of circulating human NK cells are CD27- and exhibit high cytotoxic activity, characterized by CD56(dim) phenotype and elevated perforin/granzyme B.
  • Circulating CD27+ NK cells are less cytotoxic, with lower perforin/granzyme B levels.
  • CD27+ NK cells are enriched in lymphoid organs and represent mature stage 4 NK cells, with CD27 expression regulated by IL-15 and CD70.

Conclusions:

  • Absence of CD27 expression defines cytotoxic effector NK cells within mature human NK cell subsets.
  • CD27 serves as a marker to distinguish functional cytotoxic NK cells from less cytotoxic counterparts.
  • NK cell development and function are intricately linked to CD27 expression and its regulation.