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Related Concept Videos

Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview01:24

Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview

Mania, a psychological condition characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and reduced sleep need, is part of the bipolar disorder cycle. The exact cause of mania isn't entirely known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Bipolar disorder involves alternating manic and depressive episodes. Mood stabilizers like lithium, antipsychotics, and anticonvulsants help manage these episodes. Lithium carbonate is particularly effective as a...
Borderline Personality Disorder01:25

Borderline Personality Disorder

Borderline Personality Disorder is a complex and multifaceted mental health condition characterized by pervasive instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, emotions, and impulse control. This instability manifests in extreme emotional reactions, fear of abandonment, and self-destructive behaviors. The disorder significantly impacts daily functioning, often leading to distress in both personal and professional domains.
Genetic and Environmental Contributions
Borderline Personality...
Depressive Disorders: Etiology01:27

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping02:05

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about the way you...
Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia01:27

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
05:52

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis

Published on: November 21, 2013

Hypomanic symptoms among first-time suicide attempters predict future multiple attempt status.

Craig J Bryan1, Leigh G Johnson, M David Rudd

  • 1Wilford Hall Medical Center, USA. craig.bryan@lackland.af.mil

Journal of Clinical Psychology
|March 8, 2008
PubMed
Summary

First-time suicide attempters who experience hypomanic symptoms are more likely to attempt suicide again. Future multiple attempters often meet criteria for bipolar spectrum disorder, not just personality traits.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
05:52

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis

Published on: November 21, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Previous research distinguishes between zero, single, and multiple suicide attempters.
  • Subgroups within single attempters (true single vs. future multiple) remain underexplored.
  • Fluid vulnerability theory posits personality differences predict repeat suicide attempts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate personality trait and symptom differences between true single attempters and future multiple attempters.
  • To test the hypothesis that specific traits predict future suicide attempts in first-time attempters.
  • To identify clinical markers for distinguishing between single suicide attempt subgroups.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 127 military members in a suicidal behavior intervention study was analyzed.
  • Participants were assessed for personality traits and current psychological symptoms.
  • Statistical analyses identified predictors of future suicide attempts.

Main Results:

  • Hypomanic symptoms, rather than personality traits, significantly predicted future multiple suicide attempts.
  • Future multiple attempters were more likely to meet diagnostic criteria for bipolar-spectrum disorders.
  • Distinguishing between single attempter subgroups is clinically relevant.

Conclusions:

  • Hypomanic symptoms are a critical indicator for identifying first-time attempters at risk for subsequent attempts.
  • Bipolar spectrum disorders are more prevalent in individuals who transition from single to multiple suicide attempts.
  • Findings support fluid vulnerability theory and have implications for targeted clinical interventions for suicidal behaviors.