New approaches to the concept of primary prevention of atherosclerosis

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Science
• Pathology
• Preventive Medicine

Background:

• Current understanding of atherosclerosis etiology and cardiovascular risk factor mechanisms remains incomplete.
• Atherosclerosis is characterized as a continuous process of vascular injury and abnormal repair.
• Conventional approaches often overlook the dynamic stages of disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight novel concepts in atherosclerosis elucidated over the past two decades.
• To emphasize the importance of targeting diagnosis and treatment to specific disease stages.
• To advocate for the integration of new biomarkers and imaging for early primary prevention.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent advancements in atherosclerosis research.
• Analysis of novel biomarkers for early detection of subclinical lesions.
• Evaluation of advanced imaging techniques for vulnerable plaque assessment.

Main Results:

• Emerging concepts offer new insights into atherosclerosis pathogenesis.
• Novel biomarkers and imaging techniques enable earlier detection of atherosclerotic lesions.
• Individualized risk profiling and therapeutic strategies are becoming feasible.

Conclusions:

• Atherosclerosis management should encompass all stages, from vascular injury to plaque stabilization.
• Early detection through novel biomarkers and imaging is crucial for primary prevention.
• Future prevention strategies must incorporate individualized risk profiles and tailored therapies.