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Related Concept Videos

Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
Cross-Sectional Research01:50

Cross-Sectional Research

In cross-sectional research, a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time. If they were interested in people's dietary habits, the researcher might directly compare different groups of people by age. Instead of following a group of people for 20 years to see how their dietary habits changed from decade to decade, the researcher would study a group of 20-year-old individuals and compare them to a group of 30-year-old individuals and a group of 40-year-old...
Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
Data Collection II01:29

Data Collection II

The nursing history captures and records the patient's health status, so that a care plan evolves to meet the patient's individual needs. The nursing health history is a part of the initial assessment. A comprehensive history covers all health dimensions and plays a significant role in the assessment process. A comprehensive history includes the patient's biographical information, reasons for seeking health care, expectations, present and past health history, medications, and family,...
Data Collection by Observations01:08

Data Collection by Observations

Data collection refers to a systematic way of obtaining, observing, measuring, and analyzing accurate information. Observational studies are one of the most widely used methods of data collection. It involves collecting data by observing the behavior and physical characteristics of a sample without making any modifications to the sample.
An astronomer viewing the motion and brightness of stars in the sky and recording the data is an example of observational data collection. A botanist recording...
Stratified Sampling Method01:16

Stratified Sampling Method

Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a...

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Related Experiment Videos

Agreement between data obtained from repeated interviews with a six-years interval.

Carolina Castro Martins1, Maria Letícia Ramos-Jorge, Jaime Aparecido Cury

  • 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. carolcm10@hotmail.com

Revista De Saude Publica
|March 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study found that repeating interviews about children's brushing habits six years later showed poor agreement. Recall bias is a significant methodological issue in interview-based research.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Research Methodology

Background:

  • Longitudinal studies rely on accurate data collection over time.
  • Interview-based data can be subject to memory biases.
  • Understanding recall bias is crucial for reliable research findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the reliability of data collected via face-to-face interviews when repeated after a six-year interval.
  • To evaluate the impact of recall bias on interview data concerning children's brushing habits.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 32 mothers in Southeastern Brazil participated in a structured, face-to-face interview in 1998 regarding their children's brushing habits.
  • The same 32 mothers were re-interviewed using the identical questionnaire six years later (2004).
  • Data from both interview periods were compared using overall agreement, kappa, and weighted kappa statistics.

Main Results:

  • Overall agreement between the two interviews ranged widely from 41% to 96%.
  • Kappa values, indicating agreement beyond chance, ranged from 0.00 (very bad) to 0.65 (good).
  • No statistically significant differences were found in kappa values between the two interview times, despite the observed variability.

Conclusions:

  • Repeating interviews after a six-year gap reveals a lack of agreement in the collected data.
  • Recall bias poses a significant methodological challenge in longitudinal interview studies.
  • Findings highlight the need for careful consideration of memory effects in research design and data interpretation.