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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia
06:15

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Published on: August 9, 2024

Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis.

Jale Yuksek1, Engin Sezer, Ahmet Hakan Erbil

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Gaziosmanpasa University School of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey. jaleyuksek@mynet.com

Dermatology Online Journal
|March 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis (LWNH) is a rare skin condition. This case report details a patient with widespread LWNH and scoliosis, noting the ineffectiveness of a glycolic and trichloroacetic acid peel.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Medical Genetics

Background:

  • Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis (LWNH) is a rare genodermatosis.
  • Characterized by hyperpigmented macules along Blaschko's lines in a reticulate pattern.
  • Fewer than 40 cases reported globally.

Observation:

  • A 20-year-old male presented with extensive LWNH.
  • Involvement included trunk, face, upper limbs, and genitalia.
  • Associated spinal deformity (scoliosis) was noted.

Findings:

  • A trial of medium-depth chemical peel (70% glycolic acid, 35% trichloroacetic acid) was administered to an abdominal lesion.
  • The chemical peel treatment yielded no improvement in hyperpigmentation.
  • This represents the first documented instance of LWNH treated with this specific chemical peel regimen.

Implications:

  • Highlights the limited treatment options for LWNH.
  • Suggests medium-depth chemical peels are not effective for LWNH.
  • Emphasizes the need for further research into therapeutic interventions for this rare condition.