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Altered sensorimotor integration with cervical spine manipulation.

Heidi Haavik Taylor1, Bernadette Murphy

  • 1New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland, New Zealand. heidi.taylor@nzchiro.co.nz

Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics
|March 11, 2008
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Cervical spine manipulation alters brain activity in the sensorimotor cortex, affecting muscle control differently for the abductor pollicis brevis and extensor indices proprios. This suggests a role in pain relief and functional recovery.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Spinal Cord Research

Background:

  • Neck pain is a common condition affecting sensorimotor function.
  • Cervical spine manipulation is a widely used treatment for neck pain.
  • The central neural mechanisms underlying the effects of spinal manipulation are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of cervical spine manipulation on intracortical excitability and inhibition in the sensorimotor cortex.
  • To determine if these changes are muscle-specific.
  • To explore potential mechanisms for pain relief and functional improvement after spinal manipulation.

Main Methods:

  • Single- and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) protocols were used to assess cortical excitability.
  • Measurements included short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), short interval intracortical facilitation (SICF), motor evoked potentials (MEPs), and cortical silent periods (CSPs).
  • Experiments were conducted on 12 subjects with neck pain before and after cervical manipulation and a control condition.

Main Results:

  • Cervical manipulation increased SICF and decreased SICI and CSP in the abductor pollicis brevis.
  • The opposite effects were observed in the extensor indices proprios.
  • No changes in MEPs or F waves were detected, and the control condition showed no significant alterations.

Conclusions:

  • Cervical spine manipulation can modulate specific central corticomotor facilitatory and inhibitory pathways.
  • These effects are muscle-specific, impacting sensorimotor integration.
  • Findings may elucidate mechanisms behind pain relief and functional restoration following spinal manipulation.