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Calibrated fMRI in the medial temporal lobe during a memory-encoding task.

Khaled Restom¹, Joanna E Perthen, Thomas T Liu

¹Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0677, USA.

|March 11, 2008

Summary

This study found that the relationship between blood flow and oxygen metabolism during memory encoding in the medial temporal lobe is tighter than previously thought. The calibrated fMRI approach revealed lower coupling ratios compared to sensory areas.

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Cognitive Neuroscience
Physiology

Background:

Previous studies suggested tighter coupling between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygen metabolism (CMRO2) in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) during memory encoding compared to sensory areas.
Calibrated functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) allows direct estimation of CMRO2 changes.

Purpose of the Study:

To directly estimate memory-encoding-related changes in CMRO2 in the MTL using calibrated fMRI.
To assess the coupling between CBF and CMRO2 in the MTL.
To examine the effect of region-of-interest (ROI) selection on these estimates.

Main Methods:

Employed a calibrated fMRI approach to measure BOLD and CBF responses during a memory-encoding task.
Estimated CMRO2 changes and the CBF-CMRO2 coupling ratio via linear fitting of flow and metabolism changes across subjects.

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Investigated the influence of different ROI selections on the obtained estimates.

Main Results:

Memory encoding task increased CMRO2 by 23.1-25.3% in the MTL.
Estimated CBF-CMRO2 coupling ratio ranged from 1.66 to 1.75.
ROI selection did not significantly affect CMRO2 or coupling ratio estimates.
Observed coupling ratios were lower than those reported for visual and motor cortices (2-4.5).

Conclusions:

The coupling between CBF and CMRO2 during memory encoding in the MTL is quantifiable and distinct from primary sensory areas.
Calibrated fMRI provides reliable estimates of CMRO2 and CBF-CMRO2 coupling in the MTL.
The observed lower coupling ratio in the MTL suggests unique neurovascular coupling mechanisms during memory processes.