Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...

Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy

Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy

Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...

Cellular Adaptation IV: Dysplasia and Metaplasia

Cellular Adaptation IV: Dysplasia and Metaplasia

DysplasiaDysplasia refers to abnormal changes in the size, shape, and organization of mature cells, characterized by pleomorphism, nuclear abnormalities, and increased mitotic activity. It commonly affects epithelial tissues, including the cervix, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory mucosa, and endometrium. Although it may occur alongside hyperplasia, dysplasia is not a true adaptive response but a preneoplastic change with potential to progress to cancer.When confined above the basement...

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...

Disorders of Leukocytes

Disorders of Leukocytes

Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune system...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Darbepoetin alfa for the treatment of anemia in myelodysplastic syndromes: a post-marketing surveillance study in Japan.

International journal of hematology·2026

Same author

NUP98 rearrangements in adult AML patients: evaluation of clinical implications and identification of novel fusion partners.

Leukemia·2026

Same author

Addition of romiplostim to immunosuppressive therapy as first-line treatment for patients with aplastic anemia.

Blood advances·2025

Same author

Romiplostim with ciclosporin A in patients with aplastic anaemia naïve to immunosuppressive therapy: A phase 2/3 study.

British journal of haematology·2025

Same author

Predictive factors of romiplostim response in patients with refractory aplastic anemia: data from two clinical trials.

Annals of hematology·2025

Same author

HDAC inhibitors repress Tek and Angpt1 expression and proliferation in RUNX1-MECOM-type leukemia cells.

Leukemia research·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Use of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation to Assess the Origin of Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Use of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation to Assess the Origin of Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Published on: October 3, 2018

[Myelodysplastic syndrome].

Kinuko Mitani¹

¹Department of Hematology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine

|March 11, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Myelodysplastic syndromes involve stem cell issues leading to ineffective blood cell production and potential leukemia. Genetic changes, including in the alpha-catenin gene, drive disease progression and are key to understanding prognosis.

More Related Videos

Database-guided Flow-cytometry for Evaluation of Bone Marrow Myeloid Cell Maturation

Database-guided Flow-cytometry for Evaluation of Bone Marrow Myeloid Cell Maturation

Published on: November 3, 2018

Identifying Bone Marrow Microenvironmental Populations in Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Identifying Bone Marrow Microenvironmental Populations in Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Published on: November 10, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Use of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation to Assess the Origin of Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Use of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation to Assess the Origin of Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Published on: October 3, 2018

Database-guided Flow-cytometry for Evaluation of Bone Marrow Myeloid Cell Maturation

Database-guided Flow-cytometry for Evaluation of Bone Marrow Myeloid Cell Maturation

Published on: November 3, 2018

Identifying Bone Marrow Microenvironmental Populations in Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Identifying Bone Marrow Microenvironmental Populations in Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Published on: November 10, 2023

Area of Science:

Hematology
Oncology
Stem Cell Biology

Background:

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders.
Characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, leading to cytopenias and a risk of leukemic transformation.
Genetic alterations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are critical in MDS pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current understanding of myelodysplastic syndromes, including genetic factors and diagnostic updates.
To discuss prognostic scoring systems and therapeutic strategies for MDS.
To highlight recent advancements in clinical studies and FDA-approved treatments.

Main Methods:

Review of recent literature on myelodysplastic syndromes.
Inclusion of updated diagnostic criteria (WHO classification) and prognostic scoring systems.
Summary of clinical trial findings for vitamin K2+D3, cyclosporine A, lenalidomide, and demethylase inhibitors.

Main Results:

The alpha-catenin gene is identified as a candidate gene in the 5q- anomaly associated with MDS.
Clinical studies in low-risk MDS patients showed efficacy and safety for vitamin K2+D3 and cyclosporine A.
FDA approval of molecular-targeting therapies, including lenalidomide and demethylase inhibitors, in the US.

Conclusions:

Myelodysplastic syndromes are complex stem cell disorders driven by genetic alterations.
Updated WHO classification and prognostic scoring systems are crucial for patient management.
A range of therapeutic options, from supportive care to molecular-targeting agents, are available for MDS patients.