Self-reported cognitive ability and global cognitive performance in adults with HIV

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Clinical Psychology
• Public Health

Background:

• Adults with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are susceptible to cognitive impairments.
• Relying solely on patient self-perception of cognitive function may be unreliable.
• Existing cognitive complaint questionnaires may not be suitable for clinical settings.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine the relationship between self-reported cognitive ability and objective cognitive performance in adults with HIV.
• To assess the clinical utility of a single self-report item for detecting cognitive issues and depression.

Main Methods:

• Pilot study involving 50 adults with HIV.
• Assessed self-reported cognitive ability using a single item.
• Measured global cognitive performance using a composite of 7 neuropsychological tests.
• Evaluated depressive symptomatology.

Main Results:

• Depressive symptoms were linked to lower self-reported cognitive ability.
• Lower self-reported cognitive ability showed a correlation with poorer cognitive performance, though to a lesser degree.
• A single self-report item demonstrated potential in identifying global cognitive deficits and depression.

Conclusions:

• Adults with HIV reporting poor cognition may experience depression and/or actual cognitive decline.
• A simple self-assessment of cognitive ability can serve as a valuable clinical tool for nurses and clinicians.
• This approach can aid in identifying individuals needing interventions for mood or cognitive enhancement.