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Tumor necrosis factor stimulates epithelial tumor cell motility
E M Rosen1, I D Goldberg, D Liu
1Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.
Cancer Research
|October 1, 1991
Summary
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and other factors like phorbol ester (PMA) significantly stimulate epithelial cell motility and invasion, distinct from their antiproliferative effects. These findings suggest potential roles in wound healing and carcinoma progression.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Cellular motility is crucial for embryonic development, tissue repair, and tumor invasion.
- Understanding cytokine regulation of cell movement is vital for therapeutic development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how cytokines regulate epithelial and carcinoma cell motility.
- To differentiate the mechanisms of motility stimulation by various factors.
Main Methods:
- Utilized scattering, cell migration, and cell invasion assays.
- Tested the effects of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), scatter factor (SF), and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA).
- Assessed the impact of combined treatments and blocking antibodies.
Main Results:
- TNF stimulated motility in 12 of 14 cell lines, independent of its antiproliferative activity.
- Combinations of TNF and SF, or TNF and PMA, induced greater migration than individual agents.
- PMA strongly promoted scattering and migration in all cell lines studied.
Conclusions:
- Carcinoma cell motility involves multiple biochemical pathways.
- TNF-induced epithelial cell motility utilizes a distinct mechanism compared to SF and PMA.
- TNF may enhance carcinoma invasiveness or promote epithelial wound healing in vivo.