Differences in the constitutive and SIV infection induced expression of Siglecs by hematopoietic cells from non-human
Jiraporn Jaroenpool1, Kenneth A Rogers, Kovit Pattanapanyasat
1Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Center, Room, 2309 WMB, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Abstract:
The expression of the Siglec family of molecules by hematopoietic cells from uninfected and SIV infected disease susceptible rhesus macaques (RM) and SIV infected disease resistant sooty mangabeys (SM) and for comparison humans was carried out. The predominant cell lineage in all three species expressing Siglec's was monocytes. The major finding by both a cross sectional and a prospective SIV infection study showed that, whereas monocytes from RM show marked increase in each Siglec constitutively expressed, monocytes from SM showed marked decreases in Siglec-1 expression. While monocytes from all three species constitutively expressed Siglec-3, human monocytes in addition expressed Siglec-5 and -9 and to a lower density 7, monocytes from RM expressed Siglec-7 and those from SM expressed Siglec-1. Monocytes from all three species, however, expressed mRNA for Siglec-1, -5, -7 and -9. The reasons for the failure to detect these molecules at the protein level and the mechanisms for such distinct effects of SIV infection on Siglec expression are discussed.
Insights
Monocytes from rhesus macaques (RM) show increased Siglec expression after SIV infection, while sooty mangabeys (SM) show decreased Siglec-1. This highlights species-specific immune responses to viral infections.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Comparative Genomics
Background:
- Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectins (Siglecs) are key regulators of immune cell function.
- Rhesus macaques (RM) are disease-susceptible models for Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) infection, while sooty mangabeys (SM) are disease-resistant.
- Understanding Siglec expression in hematopoietic cells is crucial for deciphering immune responses to SIV.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression of Siglec molecules in hematopoietic cells of uninfected and SIV-infected RM and SM, compared to humans.
- To determine the predominant cell types expressing Siglecs across species.
- To analyze the impact of SIV infection on Siglec expression patterns in monocytes.
Main Methods:
- Flow cytometry was used to analyze Siglec protein expression on hematopoietic cells.
- Comparative analysis was performed on uninfected and SIV-infected RM, SIV-infected SM, and human samples.
- Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was employed to assess Siglec mRNA expression.
Main Results:
- Monocytes were the predominant Siglec-expressing cell lineage in all species studied.
- SIV infection led to a marked increase in constitutive Siglec expression on RM monocytes.
- Conversely, SIV infection resulted in marked decreases in Siglec-1 expression on SM monocytes.
- Monocytes from all species expressed Siglec-3; humans also expressed Siglec-5 and -9, RM expressed Siglec-7, and SM expressed Siglec-1.
- All species' monocytes expressed mRNA for Siglec-1, -5, -7, and -9, despite varying protein detection.
Conclusions:
- Monocytes play a significant role in Siglec-mediated immune responses across species.
- SIV infection induces distinct and opposing effects on monocyte Siglec expression in disease-susceptible RM versus disease-resistant SM.
- Discrepancies between Siglec mRNA and protein expression warrant further investigation into post-transcriptional regulation mechanisms.
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