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Related Concept Videos

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
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Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates these...

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Can carboplatin replace cisplatin for intraperitoneal use?

K Fujiwara1

  • 1Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka-City, Saitama, Japan. fujiwara@saitama-med.ac.jp

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer : Official Journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society
|April 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intraperitoneal chemotherapy offers higher drug concentrations for ovarian cancer, improving survival. However, its adoption is limited, particularly with carboplatin, despite proven benefits.

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Cancer Therapeutics
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy can deliver higher anticancer drug concentrations directly to peritoneal surfaces, a common site for ovarian cancer metastasis.
  • Three major US randomized trials showed improved progression-free and overall survival with IP chemotherapy compared to intravenous administration.
  • Despite survival benefits, IP chemotherapy is not standard care, partly due to historical reliance on less tolerated agents like cisplatin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the reasons why IP chemotherapy, specifically using carboplatin, has been overlooked in ovarian cancer treatment.
  • To explore the future potential of IP carboplatin chemotherapy for ovarian cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of randomized trials and clinical studies on IP chemotherapy for ovarian cancer.
  • Analysis of factors influencing the adoption and efficacy of IP chemotherapy regimens.
  • Discussion of the pharmacological properties and clinical outcomes of carboplatin in IP administration.

Main Results:

  • IP chemotherapy demonstrated significant survival advantages in large trials for ovarian cancer.
  • The shift to less toxic intravenous carboplatin has overshadowed the investigation of IP carboplatin.
  • Limited data exists on the efficacy and tolerability of IP carboplatin in ovarian cancer.

Conclusions:

  • IP chemotherapy is a viable and effective strategy for ovarian cancer, offering superior drug exposure.
  • Further research is warranted to investigate the potential of IP carboplatin chemotherapy, addressing its historical neglect.
  • Optimizing IP carboplatin delivery and administration could enhance its role in ovarian cancer management.