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Short-term variations in response distribution to cortical stimulation.

Ronald P Lesser1, Hyang Woon Lee, W R S Webber

  • 1Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Uiversity, Baltimore, MD 21287-7247, USA. rl@jhmi.edu

Brain : a Journal of Neurology
|March 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Human brain responses to electrical stimulation change rapidly within seconds. These dynamic cortical changes depend on local brain states and functional architecture, potentially aiding predictions for interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Human Brain Activity
  • Cortical Plasticity

Background:

  • Cortical response patterns are influenced by pre-existing function, but the speed of these variations in humans is unknown.
  • Understanding rapid changes in brain responses is crucial for interpreting intracortical communication and cortical organization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the speed of response pattern variations in the intact human brain following electrical stimulation.
  • To determine if functional changes at a stimulation site predict response distribution across the cortex.

Main Methods:

  • Studied cortical afterdischarges after electrical stimulation in awake humans undergoing brain surgery evaluations.
  • Analyzed response occurrence, location, and timing relative to stimulation and other afterdischarges.

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  • Correlated spontaneous electroencephalographic activity and functional disruption with afterdischarge likelihood and distribution.

    • Main Results:

    • Response patterns varied within seconds, both near and far from stimulation sites.
    • Afterdischarge occurrence at a site was predicted by local pre-stimulation electroencephalographic activity, not overall activity.
    • Stimulation-induced functional disruption predicted afterdischarge distribution at sites with similar functional roles.

    Conclusions:

    • Widespread dynamic changes in cortical responses occur rapidly in the intact human brain.
    • Response distribution is influenced by local brain states and functional architecture at the time of stimulation.
    • These findings suggest potential for predicting and intervening in processes like epileptogenesis, learning, and brain injury recovery.