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Related Concept Videos

Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
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Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the generated carbocation,...
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In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...

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A soft coordination polymer derived from container molecule ligands.

Scott T Mough1, K Travis Holman

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|March 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The partial collapse of ladder-shaped tunnels in a crystalline cryptophane coordination polymer was observed. Single crystal X-ray diffraction monitored this structural change in the material.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Crystallography
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Coordination polymers are advanced materials with tunable structures.
  • Cryptophane derivatives offer unique host-guest properties.
  • Understanding structural dynamics is crucial for material applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural stability of cryptophane-derived coordination polymers.
  • To monitor the collapse of ladder-shaped tunnel structures.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of structural transformation.

Main Methods:

  • Single crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to monitor structural changes.
  • Crystalline samples of the cryptophane coordination polymer were used.
  • In-situ or time-resolved diffraction techniques may have been utilized.

Main Results:

  • Partial collapse of the characteristic ladder-shaped tunnels was observed.
  • Structural data revealed changes in the coordination polymer framework.
  • The extent of collapse was quantified through crystallographic analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates the dynamic nature of cryptophane-derived coordination polymers.
  • The observed collapse impacts the material's structural integrity.
  • Further research can explore factors influencing this structural behavior.