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Changes in corneal sensitivity and tear physiology after phacoemulsification.

Santosh Khanal1, Alan Tomlinson, Leonard Esakowitz

  • 1Department of Vision Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK. s.khanal@gcal.ac.uk

Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)
|March 15, 2008
PubMed
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Phacoemulsification surgery temporarily reduces corneal sensitivity and tear function. While tear function recovers within a month, corneal sensitivity takes three months to return to normal levels following cataract surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Corneal Physiology
  • Tear Film Dynamics

Background:

  • Phacoemulsification is a common cataract surgery technique.
  • Post-surgical changes in corneal sensitivity and tear physiology are a concern.
  • The efficacy of ophthalmic lubricants in mitigating these changes requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess alterations in corneal sensitivity and tear physiology after phacoemulsification.
  • To determine the effectiveness of ophthalmic lubricants in managing post-surgical dry eye.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal, parallel, randomized, double-masked study involving 18 patients undergoing phacoemulsification.
  • Patients were divided into three groups: tear lubricant, saline, and control.
  • Measurements included tear production, evaporation, lipid layer interferometry, osmolarity, and corneal sensitivity pre- and post-surgery.

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Main Results:

  • Phacoemulsification caused significant immediate negative impacts on corneal sensitivity and tear physiology.
  • Tear physiology parameters normalized within one month post-surgery.
  • Corneal sensitivity showed a trend towards recovery but did not fully normalize by three months.
  • Neither saline nor the tear lubricant demonstrated a significant effect on improving post-surgical tear physiology or corneal sensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • Cataract surgery (phacoemulsification) leads to transient impairment of corneal sensitivity and tear film function.
  • Corneal sensitivity recovery is prolonged, taking up to three months, while tear function recovers within one month.
  • Routine ophthalmic lubricants did not show a significant benefit in restoring corneal sensitivity or tear function in this study.