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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Published on: July 28, 2013

Diffusion tensor MR imaging and fiber tractography: theoretic underpinnings.

P Mukherjee¹, J I Berman, S W Chung

¹Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, USA. pratik@radiology.ucsf.edu

AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology

|March 15, 2008

Summary

This review explains the physics of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). It covers apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping, diffusion anisotropy, and fiber tractography for advanced MRI analysis.

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Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

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Area of Science:

Radiology
Medical Imaging
Neuroscience

Background:

Diffusion MR imaging (dMRI) is a powerful technique for visualizing tissue microstructure.
Understanding the underlying physics is crucial for accurate interpretation and optimization of dMRI techniques.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and fiber tractography build upon basic diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).

Purpose of the Study:

To review the fundamental theory of clinical diffusion MR imaging.
To explain the physics behind diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping.
To introduce advanced DTI metrics like diffusion anisotropy and fiber tractography.

Main Methods:

Review of established physical principles in diffusion MRI.
Explanation of mathematical models for diffusion tensor calculation.
Description of algorithms for fiber tractography reconstruction.

Main Results:

Provides a foundational understanding of DWI and ADC mapping.
Details how diffusion tensor properties (e.g., anisotropy) offer insights into tissue structure.
Illustrates the principles of 3D fiber tractography for mapping neural pathways.

Conclusions:

This article establishes the theoretical basis for diffusion MRI techniques.
It serves as essential background for understanding technical factors influencing dMRI quality.
The review emphasizes optimizing DWI and DTI for advanced clinical applications.