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Related Concept Videos

Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Intrinsic semiconductors are highly pure materials with no impurities. At absolute zero, these semiconductors behave as perfect insulators because all the valence electrons are bound, and the conduction band is empty, disallowing electrical conduction. The Fermi level is a concept used to describe the probability of occupancy of energy levels by electrons at thermal equilibrium. In intrinsic semiconductors, the Fermi level is positioned at the midpoint of the energy gap at absolute zero. When...
Hydrogen Bonds00:26

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Hydrogen BondsHydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are...
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A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...
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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
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Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Generation of Zerovalent Metal Core Nanoparticles Using n-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminosilanetriol
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Superconductivity in hydrogen dominant materials: silane.

M I Eremets1, I A Trojan, S A Medvedev

  • 1Max Planck Institute für Chemie, Postfach 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany. eremets@mpch-mainz.mpg.de

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 15, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers achieved metallization of silane at 50 gigapascals (GPa), a significant step towards understanding metallic hydrogen. This silane metal became superconducting at 17 kelvin, offering insights into hydrogen-rich alloys.

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Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis

Published on: March 29, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • High-Pressure Physics

Background:

  • Direct metallization of hydrogen requires extreme pressures (>400 GPa), currently beyond experimental reach.
  • Group IVa hydrides are promising candidates for studying metallization due to precompressed hydrogen.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the metallization and superconductivity of silane (SiH4) under high pressure.
  • To explore the potential of hydrogen-rich alloys as models for metallic hydrogen.

Main Methods:

  • High-pressure synthesis and characterization of silane.
  • Electrical resistivity measurements to detect metallization and superconductivity.
  • X-ray diffraction to determine crystal structure.

Main Results:

  • Silane transformed from an insulator to a metal at 50 GPa.
  • The metallic phase exhibited a hexagonal close-packed structure.
  • Superconductivity was observed at a transition temperature of 17 kelvin at 96 and 120 GPa.
  • A three-dimensional conducting network of atomic hydrogen was formed.

Conclusions:

  • Experimental metallization of silane at accessible pressures is feasible.
  • The findings support the use of hydrogen-rich alloys for modeling metallic hydrogen.
  • Silane serves as a viable system for studying high-pressure phenomena and superconductivity in dense hydrogen.