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Related Concept Videos

Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.

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Related Experiment Video

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Fluorescence Assays for the Study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Interaction with the Immune Receptor SLAMF1
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Published on: February 28, 2025

Mycobacterium tuberculosis and dendritic cells: recognition, activation and functional implications.

Aprajita Sinha1, Nasir Salam, Shashank Gupta

  • 1Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110 067, India.

Indian Journal of Biochemistry & Biophysics
|March 18, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Mycobacterium tuberculosis evades immune responses by interacting with dendritic cells (DCs), which are crucial for initiating T cell immunity against tuberculosis (TB). Understanding these complex interactions is key to developing effective TB vaccines.

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Polarization of M1 and M2 Human Monocyte-Derived Cells and Analysis with Flow Cytometry upon Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
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Polarization of M1 and M2 Human Monocyte-Derived Cells and Analysis with Flow Cytometry upon Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

Published on: September 18, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) pathogenesis and immunology are complex due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis interactions with immune cells.
  • Delayed development of effective TB vaccines is linked to incomplete understanding of host immune responses.
  • Alveolar macrophages are primary hosts for Mycobacterium tuberculosis following respiratory infection, leading to a persistent reservoir in humans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and dendritic cells (DCs).
  • To highlight the role of DCs in initiating and maintaining protective immunity against tuberculosis.
  • To discuss mechanisms by which Mycobacterium tuberculosis subverts host immune responses mediated by DCs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on Mycobacterium tuberculosis-dendritic cell interactions.
  • Analysis of DC uptake, activation, and subsequent immune response modulation.
  • Examination of pathogen strategies to evade immune surveillance.

Main Results:

  • Dendritic cells are critical for priming T cell responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  • The nature of DC activation dictates the host's immune response profile.
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis employs diverse strategies to subvert DC-mediated immunity.

Conclusions:

  • Dendritic cells play a pivotal role in tuberculosis immunity, influencing both protective responses and pathogen persistence.
  • Understanding Mycobacterium tuberculosis evasion tactics involving DCs is essential for vaccine development.
  • Targeting DC-pathogen interactions may offer new therapeutic or preventative strategies for TB.