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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

Bone Cells and Tissue

Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the periosteum and...
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect
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[Cellular strategies in bone tissue engineering: a review].

C Trojani1, T Balaguer, F Boukhechba

  • 1Service de chirurgie orthopédique, hôpital de l'Archet-2, centre hospitalier universitaire de Nice, 151, route Saint-Antoine de Ginestière, 06202 Nice, France. chir-orthopedique@chu-nice.fr

Revue De Chirurgie Orthopedique Et Reparatrice De L'Appareil Moteur
|March 18, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Bone tissue engineering aims to rebuild bone using biomaterials and cells. This review explores using total bone marrow versus cultivated mesenchymal stromal cells for enhanced bone regeneration.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Context:

  • Bone tissue engineering seeks to restore bone stock through biomaterials, osteoinductive factors, and cells.
  • Current research focuses on optimizing matrix materials for cell adhesion and osteoconduction.
  • Key osteoinductive factors include bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).

Purpose:

  • To review current research in bone tissue engineering utilizing total bone marrow.
  • To compare the use of total bone marrow with ex vivo cultivated mesenchymal stromal cells for bone regeneration.

Summary:

  • Clinical studies highlight the osteogenic potential of fresh total bone marrow.
  • Fundamental research predominantly uses ex vivo expanded mesenchymal stromal cells, with limited clinical success.
  • There is a notable gap between fundamental research and clinical application regarding cell sources for bone tissue engineering.

Impact:

  • This review addresses the discrepancy between clinical and fundamental research on cell sources for bone tissue engineering.
  • It aims to guide future research towards more clinically impactful strategies for bone regeneration.
  • Understanding the efficacy of total bone marrow versus mesenchymal stromal cells is crucial for advancing bone defect treatments.