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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Published on: August 14, 2019

Relationship between prostatic urethral angle and urinary flow rate: its implication in benign prostatic hyperplasia

Kang Su Cho¹, Joo Han Kim, Dong Jun Kim

¹Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

|March 18, 2008

Summary

The prostatic urethral angle (PUA) inversely affects urinary flow rate. A larger PUA significantly reduces flow, suggesting its role in lower urinary tract symptoms.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Published on: August 14, 2019

Area of Science:

Urology
Fluid Dynamics
Medical Imaging

Background:

The prostatic urethra's geometry, specifically the prostatic urethral angle (PUA), is clinically under-explored.
Understanding factors influencing urinary flow rate is crucial for diagnosing and managing lower urinary tract symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of the prostatic urethral angle (PUA) on urinary flow rate in men without benign prostatic obstruction.
To establish a potential link between PUA and the pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia/lower urinary tract symptoms.

Main Methods:

A theoretical fluid dynamics model incorporating Navier-Stokes and Bernoulli's equations was developed.
Mathematical simulations quantified the effect of PUA on urinary flow rate.
Clinical evaluation involved 65 healthy men (age 50-59) assessing PUA and peak flow rate via transrectal ultrasonography.

Main Results:

Theoretical model: Urinary flow rate is inversely proportional to PUA and directly proportional to urethral diameter.
Simulations: Urinary flow rate decreased by over 27% as PUA increased from 35 to 90 degrees.
Clinical data: PUA showed a significant inverse association with peak flow rate (P=0.005), while prostate volume did not (P=0.150).

Conclusions:

The prostatic urethral angle (PUA) is inversely associated with urinary flow rate.
This geometric factor may play a significant role in the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia and associated lower urinary tract symptoms.