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Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Nanotopology of Cell Adhesion upon Variable-Angle Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy (VA-TIRFM)
Published on: October 2, 2012
Measurement of refractive-index change at a liquid-solid interface close to the critical angle
M Martinelli1, M Gugliotti, R J Horowicz
1Laboratório de Optica Quântica, Instituto de Física da Universidade de São Paulo, PO Box 66318, São Paulo 05389-970, Brazil. mmartine@usp.br
Abstract:
We measured the refractive-index change on a liquid sample, using the reflection of a polarized Gaussian laser beam close to the angle of total reflection. We applied this technique to a solution of nickel (ii) phthalocyanine tetrasulfonated (NiPTS) in water-ethanol (1/1 v/v), in which the nonlinearity of the refractive index is due to optically induced thermal effects. We show that close to the angle of total reflection the sensitivity of this technique is four times bigger than at normal incidence.
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