Pyrolytic carbon coating enhances Teflon and Dacron fabric compatibility with endothelial cell growth

Compatibility with endothelial cell attachment and growth appears to be an important requisite of vascular prosthetic materials, possibly influencing thrombosis, pseudointimal hyperplasia, and accelerated atherosclerosis at the site of blood-material interaction. Since deposition of pyrolytic carbon (PC) on prosthetic surfaces has been associated with enhanced hemocompatibility, in the present study we assessed whether a thin layer (0.5 microns) of PC deposited onto materials such as knitted Teflon and Dacron enhanced endothelial cell attachment and growth. Cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were seeded at a density of 4.5 x 10(4) cells/cm2 on PC-coated and uncoated grafts. In order to quantify endothelial cell attachment on the fabrics, the area of Teflon and Dacron fabrics covered by endothelial cells was estimated on day 2 after seeding using the point counting method in scanning electron micrographs. Subsequently, on days 2 and 4 after seeding, endothelial cell proliferation was measured both as number of endothelial cells and as total proteins of the endothelial cells covering the fabrics. On day 2 endothelial cell growth on PC-coated fabrics was greater (mean +/- SE; area 42.3 +/- 9.9 mm2, n = 6; cell number 3.9 x 10(4) +/- 3.03 x 10(3) cells, n = 4; total proteins 14.9 +/- 1.2 micrograms, n = 4) than on uncoated fabrics (area 10.6 +/- 4.6 mm2, n = 6; cell number 2.9 x 10(4) +/- 4.3 x 10(3) cells, n = 4; total proteins 11.3 +/- 1.7 micrograms, n = 4; P less than 0.001, less than 0.05 and less than 0.05, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)