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Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs01:28

Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs

Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs), including Desipramine (Norpramin), Imipramine (Tofranil), Clomipramine (Anafranil), and Amitriptyline (Elavil), inhibit serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and also block other receptors. They are used for depression, pain conditions, and insomnia. Common adverse effects include anticholinergic effects, sedation, orthostatic hypotension, and weight gain. They have a narrow therapeutic window and so require plasma-level monitoring. Abrupt discontinuation can...
Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents01:23

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents

Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Dependence of Elimination Half-Life and Dose Clearance01:23

Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Dependence of Elimination Half-Life and Dose Clearance

The elimination half-life and drug clearance of drugs following nonlinear kinetics can vary with dosage. The Michaelis-Menten parameters and drug concentration influence these factors. As the dose increases, the elimination half-life tends to lengthen, resulting in a reduction in clearance and a disproportionately larger area under the curve. The total clearance can be derived from the Michaelis-Menten equation for drugs following a one-compartment model.
A study on guinea pigs examined the...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists

Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
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Anxiolytic Drugs: Benzodiazepines and Buspirone

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
09:29

Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Published on: January 9, 2015

Paroxetine.

Siu Wa Tang1, Daiga Helmeste

  • 1University of California, Psychiatry North Campus Zot 1681, Irvine, California 92697-1681, USA. swtang@uci.edu

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
|March 19, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Paroxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), is effective for various affective disorders but carries risks. Concerns include increased suicidality in young adults and potential side effects like serotonin syndrome.

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Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Therapeutics

Background:

  • Paroxetine is a commonly prescribed antidepressant.
  • Concerns exist regarding its association with suicide risk in younger patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pharmacology of paroxetine.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of paroxetine in treating affective disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a comprehensive PubMed literature search.
  • Included searches on the FDA and GSK websites for paroxetine-related data.
  • Keywords: paroxetine, Paxil, serotonin transporter, clinical trials, depression, SSRI.

Main Results:

  • Paroxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) with no significant active metabolites.
  • Approved for major depressive disorder, panic disorder, OCD, social anxiety, PTSD, and generalized anxiety disorders (ages 18+).

Conclusions:

  • Paroxetine exhibits good selectivity as an SSRI.
  • Documented drug-drug interactions via the CYP enzyme system.
  • Acknowledged risks include increased suicidality in younger adults, teratogenicity, serotonin syndrome, and persistent pulmonary hypertension.