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Related Concept Videos

Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Induction of Acute Ischemic Stroke in Mice Using the Distal Middle Artery Occlusion Technique
07:34

Induction of Acute Ischemic Stroke in Mice Using the Distal Middle Artery Occlusion Technique

Published on: December 15, 2023

Linking Notch signaling to ischemic stroke.

Joseph F Arboleda-Velasquez1, Zhipeng Zhou, Hwa Kyoung Shin

  • 1Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|March 19, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Notch 3 signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) is crucial for preventing ischemic stroke. Loss of Notch 3 in SMCs significantly increases stroke susceptibility and severity.

More Related Videos

Evaluating Cell Death Signaling by Immunofluorescence in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke
11:32

Evaluating Cell Death Signaling by Immunofluorescence in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke

Published on: January 3, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Induction of Acute Ischemic Stroke in Mice Using the Distal Middle Artery Occlusion Technique
07:34

Induction of Acute Ischemic Stroke in Mice Using the Distal Middle Artery Occlusion Technique

Published on: December 15, 2023

Evaluating Cell Death Signaling by Immunofluorescence in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke
11:32

Evaluating Cell Death Signaling by Immunofluorescence in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke

Published on: January 3, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Vascular Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) play a role in stroke pathophysiology.
  • Cellular pathways linking SMC function to brain ischemia are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the role of Notch 3 signaling in vascular SMCs.
  • Determine the link between Notch 3 and susceptibility to ischemic stroke.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a novel Notch 3 knockout mouse model.
  • Performed cellular and molecular analyses on vascular SMCs.
  • Conducted genetic rescue experiments.

Main Results:

  • Notch 3 knockout mice exhibited increased susceptibility to ischemic stroke.
  • Notch 3 activity in SMCs regulates specific gene expression.
  • Genetic restoration of Notch 3 in vessels rescued the ischemic phenotype.

Conclusions:

  • Notch 3 signaling in vascular SMCs is essential for protection against ischemic stroke.
  • Targeting Notch 3 in vascular SMCs may offer therapeutic strategies for stroke.