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Adsorption of Gases on Solids01:28

Adsorption of Gases on Solids

Adsorption is a process where molecules, known as the adsorbates, accumulate on a surface, which is referred to as the adsorbent or substrate. Occurring at the solid-gas interface, this phenomenon is crucial in various scientific and industrial contexts. The reverse of adsorption is desorption.Two types of adsorptions exist: physical (physisorption) and chemical (chemisorption). Physisorption involves gas molecules held to the solid's surface by relatively weak intermolecular van der Waals...
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The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.
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Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) introduced a theory in 1938 that modified Langmuir's assumptions to explain multilayer physical adsorption. This theory is applicable to Type II isotherms and provides a more realistic picture of adsorption processes. The BET theory assumes a uniform solid surface with localized adsorption sites, where adsorption at one site doesn't affect adsorption at neighboring sites. This theory also allows for the possibility of additional molecules being adsorbed on top...
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Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
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Microtensiometer for Confocal Microscopy Visualization of Dynamic Interfaces
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The influence of surface adsorption on microbubble dynamics.

E Stride1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK. e_stride@meng.ucl.ac.uk

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|March 20, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microbubble behavior is significantly altered by surface coatings, impacting stability and dynamics. This review covers theoretical treatments and recent developments in coated microbubble research.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Acoustics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Microbubble behavior in pure liquids depends on size, pressure, and liquid properties.
  • Dissolved substances adsorb onto microbubble surfaces, forming coatings that affect stability and dynamics.
  • Coated microbubbles have implications in underwater acoustics, cavitation detection, medical imaging, and drug delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing theoretical treatments of coated microbubbles.
  • To present and discuss recent developments in the field.
  • To highlight the impact of surface coatings on microbubble dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of theoretical models for coated microbubbles.
  • Analysis of experimental and computational studies on microbubble dynamics.
  • Discussion of the effects of surface coatings on oscillation and resonance.

Main Results:

  • Surface coatings can substantially modify microbubble volumetric oscillation amplitude.
  • Resonance characteristics of microbubbles are significantly altered by the presence of a coating.
  • The relative amplitude in tension and compression is affected by surface coatings.

Conclusions:

  • Coated microbubbles exhibit distinct dynamic behaviors compared to uncoated ones.
  • Understanding surface coating dynamics is crucial for applications involving microbubbles.
  • Further research is needed on the high-frequency dynamic behavior of surface coatings.