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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
Magnetic Field Lines01:19

Magnetic Field Lines

The representation of magnetic fields by magnetic field lines is very useful in visualizing the strength and direction of the magnetic field. Each of the magnetic field lines forms a closed loop. The field lines emerge from the north pole (N), loop around to the south pole (S), and continue through the bar magnet back to the north pole.
Magnetic field lines follow several hard-and-fast rules:
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop01:16

Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop

Consider a circular loop with a radius a, that carries a current I. The magnetic field due to the current at an arbitrary point P along the axis of the loop can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis. This...
Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges01:23

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
07:42

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

Published on: July 20, 2022

When a crack is oriented by a magnetic field.

L Pauchard1, F Elias, P Boltenhagen

  • 1Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, Universitè Paris 7, CNRS UMR 7057, France.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|March 21, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Drying magnetic colloids (ferrofluids) form cracks influenced by magnetic fields. Analyzing these crack patterns reveals the gel

More Related Videos

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
07:42

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

Published on: July 20, 2022

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Colloidal suspensions transition from liquid to gel states upon drying.
  • Solvent evaporation induces tensile stresses, leading to gel fracture and crack formation.
  • Drying-induced crack patterns typically reflect the physical conditions of the process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how an external magnetic field influences stress and crack patterns in drying ferrofluid droplets.
  • To explore the relationship between crack morphology and the mechanical properties of the drying gel.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental observation of crack formation in drying ferrofluid droplets under applied magnetic fields.
  • Theoretical modeling to understand stress development and fracture mechanics.
  • Analysis of crack shapes to determine material properties.

Main Results:

  • An external magnetic field modifies the stress within the drying gel.
  • The applied magnetic field alters the resulting crack patterns.
  • Crack shape analysis provides a method to estimate the gel's Young's modulus prior to fracture.

Conclusions:

  • Magnetic fields offer a means to control fracture patterns in drying ferrofluids.
  • The study establishes a link between macroscopic crack morphology and microscopic material properties (Young's modulus).
  • This research provides insights into the physics of drying gels and their mechanical characterization.