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Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Visualization of Intensity Levels to Reduce the Gap Between Self-Reported and Directly Measured Physical Activity
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Visualization of Intensity Levels to Reduce the Gap Between Self-Reported and Directly Measured Physical Activity

Published on: March 7, 2019

What do pedometer counts represent? A comparison between pedometer data and data from four different questionnaires.

Katrien A De Cocker1, Ilse M De Bourdeaudhuij, Greet M Cardon

  • 1Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Katrien.DeCocker@UGent.be

Public Health Nutrition
|March 21, 2008
PubMed
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Pedometer step counts effectively differentiate physical activity (PA) levels in adults. However, direct comparisons of activity levels between studies using different PA recommendations require careful consideration.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Public Health
  • Biomedical Informatics

Background:

  • Accurate assessment of physical activity (PA) is crucial for public health.
  • Various methods exist for measuring PA, including questionnaires and objective measures like pedometers.
  • Comparing PA data across studies using different measurement tools and recommendations presents challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare physical activity (PA) data obtained from pedometer step counts with data from four different PA questionnaires.
  • To evaluate step count thresholds (7,500, 10,000, and 12,500 steps/day) against the public health guideline of 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) per day.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 310 healthy, employed adults (mean age 38.7 years, 47% male) participated.

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Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

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  • PA was assessed using the Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (MLTPAQ) via interview.
  • Three self-administered questionnaires were used: long-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), short-form IPAQ, and the Baecke questionnaire.
  • Objective PA data were collected via seven consecutive days of pedometer registration (step counts).

    • Main Results:

    • Step counts showed positive correlations with questionnaire-based PA, with the strongest associations found with the Baecke questionnaire (rs=0.44) and long-form IPAQ (rs=0.37).
    • Based on step counts, 22.6% of participants were somewhat active, 18.7% active, and 39.4% highly active.
    • The PA guideline of 30 min MVPA/day was met by 85.4% (long-form IPAQ), 84.8% (short-form IPAQ), and 68.0% (MLTPAQ) of participants.

    Conclusions:

    • Pedometer-based step counts provide sufficient data to differentiate between varying levels of physical activity.
    • Caution is advised when comparing physical activity levels across different studies that employ distinct PA recommendations or measurement tools.