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Related Concept Videos

Leishmaniasis01:30

Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease caused by species of the genus Leishmania and transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies. The parasite exists in two principal morphological forms during its life cycle. A sandfly acquires intracellular amastigotes from an infected reservoir host, such as a dog. Within the sandfly, these forms differentiate into motile, flagellated promastigotes. During a subsequent blood meal, promastigotes are injected into the human host, where they...
Antiprotozoal Agents01:21

Antiprotozoal Agents

Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by several Leishmania species. It affects millions of people each year and remains a major public health problem in endemic regions. First-line treatment relies on pentavalent antimonials, including meglumine antimoniate and sodium stibogluconate. Even so, how these drugs work has not been fully clear, especially their interaction with parasite-specific biochemical pathways. One key target is trypanothione reductase (TR), an enzyme that...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Quantification of Intracellular Growth Inside Macrophages is a Fast and Reliable Method for Assessing the Virulence of Leishmania Parasites
10:01

Quantification of Intracellular Growth Inside Macrophages is a Fast and Reliable Method for Assessing the Virulence of Leishmania Parasites

Published on: March 16, 2018

Modulation of dendritic cell function by Leishmania parasites.

Lynn Soong1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. lysoong@utmb.edu

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|March 21, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Leishmania parasites interact with dendritic cells (DCs) in complex ways, influencing immune responses and disease outcomes. Understanding these interactions is key to controlling Leishmania infections.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Quantification of Intracellular Growth Inside Macrophages is a Fast and Reliable Method for Assessing the Virulence of Leishmania Parasites
10:01

Quantification of Intracellular Growth Inside Macrophages is a Fast and Reliable Method for Assessing the Virulence of Leishmania Parasites

Published on: March 16, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Parasitology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for initiating immune responses against pathogens like Leishmania.
  • Leishmania-DC interactions are complex, with DCs exhibiting paradoxical functions that can either control or promote infection.
  • The outcome of Leishmania infection depends on the intricate interplay between parasite factors and host DC responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current data on the initial interactions between Leishmania parasites and various DC subsets.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which Leishmania amastigotes modulate DC signaling pathways and functions.
  • To analyze the impact of altered DC functions on protective immunity and disease pathogenesis in Leishmania infections.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating Leishmania-DC interactions.
  • Analysis of data on DC activation profiles influenced by Leishmania species, developmental stages, and experimental conditions.
  • Examination of molecular mechanisms underlying Leishmania-induced modulation of DC signaling and function.

Main Results:

  • Leishmania uptake by DCs can induce weak and transient activation.
  • Intracellular Leishmania amastigotes actively down-modulate LPS/IFN-gamma-stimulated DC activation through multiple mechanisms.
  • DC activation magnitude and profile are highly variable, depending on Leishmania strains, parasite stages, DC subsets, and experimental settings.

Conclusions:

  • DCs play a critical role in discriminating between pathogen types and tailoring immune responses to Leishmania.
  • Leishmania parasites have evolved sophisticated strategies to manipulate DC functions, impacting disease progression.
  • Further research into these interactions can reveal targets for therapeutic interventions against leishmaniasis.