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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload

Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload

Published on: March 14, 2017

Severe iron intoxication treated with exchange transfusion.

M Carlsson¹, D Cortes, S Jepsen

¹Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Afdeling V, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C., Denmark. marcelacarlsson@yahoo.dk

Archives of Disease in Childhood

|March 22, 2008

Summary

Severe iron poisoning in a child was treated with standard methods and exchange transfusion (ET). Exchange transfusion effectively lowered dangerously high iron levels when initial treatments failed, leading to a full recovery.

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Intensive Care
Toxicology
Hematology

Background:

Iron poisoning is a leading cause of accidental death in young children.
Standard treatments include gastric lavage, whole bowel irrigation, and deferoxamine chelation therapy.

Observation:

An 18-month-old girl ingested a massive dose of elemental iron (442 mg/kg).
Despite initial standard therapy, serum iron levels continued to rise significantly.
The patient required an exchange transfusion (ET) due to the severity of iron toxicity.

Findings:

Exchange transfusion rapidly reduced serum iron levels from 1362 microg/dl to 134 microg/dl.
The child recovered without complications following the exchange transfusion.

Implications:

Exchange transfusion is a viable and effective rescue therapy for severe iron poisoning.
This case highlights the importance of considering advanced interventions when standard treatments are insufficient.