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Morphometric brain abnormalities in boys with conduct disorder.

Thomas Huebner¹, Timo D Vloet¹, Ivo Marx¹

¹Drs. Herpertz-Dahlmann and Vloet and Mr. Huebner are with the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Dr. Konrad is with the Child and Neuropsychology Section of the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen; Dr. Fink is with the Brain Imaging Center West, Institute of Neuroscience and Biophysics, Research Center Juelich; and Mr. Marx and Dr. Herpertz are with the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Rostock.

Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

|March 22, 2008

Summary

Boys with conduct disorder (CD) show reduced gray matter volume in brain regions like the orbitofrontal cortex and temporal lobes. These structural brain differences in CD may resemble those seen in adults with antisocial behavior.

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Developmental Neuroscience
Psychiatry

Background:

Early-onset conduct disorder (CD) is a significant risk factor for adult antisocial personality disorder.
While adult antisocial personality disorder has been studied using neuroimaging, structural brain differences in boys with CD remain under-researched.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate structural brain abnormalities, specifically gray matter volumes, in adolescent boys diagnosed with conduct disorder (CD).
To compare brain structure between boys with CD and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

Utilized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM).
Assessed 23 boys (ages 12-17) with CD (17 comorbid for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) against age- and IQ-matched controls.

Main Results:

Boys with CD exhibited a 6% reduction in mean gray matter volume compared to controls.
Significant gray matter reductions were observed in the left orbitofrontal cortex and bilateral temporal lobes, including the left amygdala and hippocampus.
In the CD group, hyperactive/impulsive symptoms correlated with widespread frontoparietal and temporal gray matter abnormalities, while CD symptoms correlated with reductions in limbic structures.

Conclusions:

Adolescent boys with conduct disorder (CD) and comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder display brain abnormalities in frontolimbic areas.
These findings suggest that structural brain deficits observed in adult antisocial behavior may originate in childhood and adolescence.