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Related Concept Videos

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...
2D NMR: Homonuclear Correlation Spectroscopy (COSY)01:06

2D NMR: Homonuclear Correlation Spectroscopy (COSY)

Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy, or COSY, is a 2-dimensional NMR technique that provides information about coupled protons. Typically, the geminal and vicinal coupling are observed. For example, consider the COSY spectrum of ethyl acetate, where its 1D proton NMR spectrum is plotted along the vertical and horizontal axes with their corresponding chemical shift scale. Three spots on the diagonal corresponding to the three peaks in the 1D proton spectrum are called diagonal peaks. The COSY...
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other axis.
Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview01:12

Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview

The 1D NMR spectrum of large and complex molecules like natural products has complicated splitting patterns and overlapping signals, which can be easily interpreted using 2-dimensional (2D) NMR. Unlike 1D NMR, 2D NMR has two frequency axes that provide the coupling information between the nucleus A and nucleus B in a molecule. The process from which 2D spectra are obtained has four steps.
The first step is the preparation period, during which nucleus A is excited with a radiofrequency pulse.
2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)01:19

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)

Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...

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Correlative Microscopy for 3D Structural Analysis of Dynamic Interactions
13:43

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Published on: June 24, 2013

Correlation-based method for comparing and reconstructing nearly identical two-dimensional structures.

Y Mejía-Barbosa

    Applied Optics
    |March 22, 2008
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a novel subtraction algorithm to compare and reconstruct nearly identical planar objects with differing aperture locations. The method utilizes cross-correlation and autocorrelation functions, demonstrating feasibility through simulations.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics
    • Image Processing
    • Metrology

    Background:

    • Comparing and reconstructing objects with minor variations is crucial in metrology and manufacturing.
    • Existing methods may struggle with subtle positional differences in identical structures.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a robust method for comparing and reconstructing nearly identical planar objects.
    • To precisely identify and locate differences, specifically a single aperture shift, between two similar structures.

    Main Methods:

    • A subtraction algorithm is employed for object comparison.
    • Cross-correlation and autocorrelation functions are utilized to analyze structural differences.
    • The method focuses on planar objects with identical apertures, differing only in one aperture's position.

    Main Results:

    • Simulated results confirm the feasibility of the proposed subtraction algorithm.
    • The method effectively identifies discrepancies in aperture locations between nearly identical objects.
    • Reconstruction of the objects based on the identified differences is demonstrated.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed subtraction algorithm offers a viable approach for precise comparison and reconstruction of planar objects with minor positional variations.
    • This technique holds potential for quality control and defect detection in manufacturing processes involving identical components.