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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology01:24

Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

Cirrhosis is a progressive chronic liver injury caused by prolonged inflammation, excessive fibrotic remodeling, and impaired regeneration. Over time, repeated hepatic insults disrupt the liver’s architecture and function, leading to reduced blood flow, impaired bile drainage, and diminished metabolic capacity.Pathophysiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis arises from three main responses to chronic liver damage: inflammation, immune activation, and hepatocyte death. These processes lead to structural...
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
Cirrhosis I: Introduction01:23

Cirrhosis I: Introduction

Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
13:04

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication

Published on: June 26, 2014

[Pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus].

Kohji Moriishi1, Yoshiharu Matsuura

  • 1Department of Molecular Virology Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. kohji@biken.osaka-u.ac.jp

Uirusu
|March 25, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes chronic liver disease, leading to cancer. New therapies are needed as current treatments are ineffective for many patients with HCV genotype 1.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Oncology

Context:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affects 170 million globally, causing chronic liver disease.
  • HCV genotype 1 is prevalent in Western countries and Japan, with limited treatment response to current therapies.
  • Chronic hepatitis C can progress to liver steatosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose:

  • To review the molecular mechanisms of HCV core protein in inducing liver steatosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
  • To discuss the limitations of current combination therapy for Hepatitis C virus.
  • To explore future therapeutic strategies for chronic Hepatitis C.

Summary:

  • HCV core protein is implicated in the pathogenesis of liver steatosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

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Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors
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Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors

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The CYP2D6 Animal Model: How to Induce Autoimmune Hepatitis in Mice
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The CYP2D6 Animal Model: How to Induce Autoimmune Hepatitis in Mice

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Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
13:04

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication

Published on: June 26, 2014

Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors
16:49

Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors

Published on: July 16, 2012

The CYP2D6 Animal Model: How to Induce Autoimmune Hepatitis in Mice
09:03

The CYP2D6 Animal Model: How to Induce Autoimmune Hepatitis in Mice

Published on: February 3, 2012

  • Current combination therapy (pegylated interferon alpha and ribavirin) shows limited efficacy, with sustained virological response in approximately 50% of patients with HCV genotypes 1a and 1b.
  • There is a critical need for novel therapeutics and preventative strategies for Hepatitis C patients unresponsive to existing treatments.

    • Impact:

    • Understanding HCV core protein's role can lead to targeted therapies for liver steatosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
    • Development of novel treatments is crucial for improving outcomes in non-responsive Hepatitis C patients.
    • This review provides insights into future perspectives for managing chronic Hepatitis C.