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Related Concept Videos

Larynx01:21

Larynx

The human larynx, often referred to as the voice box, is an intricate organ located in the neck. It serves as a pathway for air to enter the lungs during respiration and is an essential component of voice production.
Anatomy of the Larynx
The larynx consists of various components, including cartilage, muscles, and vocal cords. Its structure includes three large unpaired cartilages—the thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottis—and three smaller paired cartilages—the arytenoids, corniculates, and...
Tracheostomy: Procedure and Tubes01:28

Tracheostomy: Procedure and Tubes

A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening into the trachea, typically at the second or third cartilaginous ring level. This opening allows the insertion of a tracheostomy tube, which can replace an endotracheal tube, provide mechanical ventilation, bypass an upper airway obstruction, or remove accumulated tracheobronchial secretions.
Tracheostomy tubes can be made of semiflexible plastic (polyurethane or silicone), rigid plastic, or metal, and they come in...
Trachea01:22

Trachea

The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a vital part of the human respiratory system. It serves as a passageway for air to travel between the larynx and the bronchi, allowing oxygen to reach the lungs. Let's explore its anatomical features, dimensions, layers of the tracheal wall, associated muscles, and the functions of its parts.
Anatomical Features:
Location: About half of the trachea is situated in the neck, anterior to the esophagus, and extends from the larynx (at the level of the...
Tracheostomy Decannulation01:21

Tracheostomy Decannulation

Tracheostomy decannulation is a significant milestone in the liberation of mechanically ventilated patients. Despite its importance, there is no universally accepted protocol for this procedure. This demands an evidence-based, individualized approach.
Description of the Procedure
Decannulation refers to the permanent removal of the tracheostomy tube, signaling the resolution of the condition that initially necessitated the tracheostomy. The process requires a well-coordinated interplay between...
Tracheostomy Care I: Pre-procedural Steps01:16

Tracheostomy Care I: Pre-procedural Steps

A tracheostomy is a surgical technique that involves making an incision in the neck to provide access to the trachea. It is frequently used in medical conditions such as airway obstruction and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Effective nursing management is crucial for the long-term success of a tracheostomy.
Required Equipment
The equipment necessary for tracheostomy care includes:
Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece01:23

Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece

Oxygen delivery is critical in clinical care, especially for patients with respiratory disorders or those undergoing surgical procedures. Various systems, such as tracheostomy and the T-piece, deliver oxygen to the lungs, ensuring adequate arterial oxygenation.
Tracheostomy
A tracheostomy is a surgically created opening (stoma) in the anterior part of the trachea. It is used to establish a patient airway, bypass an upper airway obstruction, simplify the removal of secretions, permit long-term...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Learning Modern Laryngeal Surgery in a Dissection Laboratory
07:30

Learning Modern Laryngeal Surgery in a Dissection Laboratory

Published on: March 18, 2020

How does cricotracheal resection affect the female voice?

Marshall E Smith1, Nelson Roy, Kelly Stoddard

  • 1Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 3C-120 SOM, University of Utah School of Medicine, 50 N Medical Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.

The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology
|March 25, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Cricotracheal resection significantly impacts the adult female voice, lowering speaking pitch into the male range and reducing pitch variability. Patients should be counseled on these potential voice changes.

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Hemi-laryngeal Setup for Studying Vocal Fold Vibration in Three Dimensions
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Hemi-laryngeal Setup for Studying Vocal Fold Vibration in Three Dimensions

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Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Learning Modern Laryngeal Surgery in a Dissection Laboratory
07:30

Learning Modern Laryngeal Surgery in a Dissection Laboratory

Published on: March 18, 2020

Hemi-laryngeal Setup for Studying Vocal Fold Vibration in Three Dimensions
10:13

Hemi-laryngeal Setup for Studying Vocal Fold Vibration in Three Dimensions

Published on: November 25, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Surgical Outcomes

Background:

  • Chronic airway obstruction can necessitate surgical intervention.
  • Idiopathic laryngotracheal stenosis is a rare condition affecting the airway.
  • Surgical procedures on the larynx and trachea may impact vocal function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of cricotracheal resection on the adult female voice.
  • To quantify changes in vocal parameters following cricotracheal resection.
  • To assess patient-reported voice handicap after the procedure.

Main Methods:

  • Voice recordings were obtained from 14 women before and after cricotracheal resection.
  • Acoustic analysis measured fundamental frequency (F0) of sustained vowels and connected speech.
  • Pitch range (F0 range), maximum phonation time, and Voice Handicap Index were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Mean speaking F0 significantly decreased by 21 Hz (p=.04), with 7 patients falling below 160 Hz post-surgery.
  • Mean sustained vowel F0 dropped by 32 Hz (p=.03).
  • Average F0 range reduced by 5.9 semitones (p=.05); maximum phonation time remained unchanged. Postoperative Voice Handicap Index averaged 21.9.

Conclusions:

  • Cricotracheal resection significantly alters the adult female voice, commonly lowering pitch and reducing pitch range.
  • The procedure can shift the speaking voice pitch into the typical male range.
  • Preoperative counseling regarding potential voice changes is crucial for patient preparedness.