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How do dietary flavanols improve vascular function? A position paper.

Tankred Schewe1, Yvonne Steffen, Helmut Sies

  • 1Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, D-40001 Duesseldorf, Germany.

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics
|March 25, 2008
PubMed
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Dietary flavanols, like (-)-epicatechin, enhance vascular endothelial function by preserving nitric oxide (NO) levels. This occurs through inhibiting NADPH oxidase, reducing oxidative stress, and improving cardiovascular health.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • High-flavanol diets and (-)-epicatechin improve vascular endothelial function.
  • Endothelial nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability is key to vascular health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the cellular mechanisms by which (-)-epicatechin enhances endothelial function.
  • To investigate the role of NO metabolism and NADPH oxidase in flavanol action.

Main Methods:

  • Exposure of human endothelial cells to (-)-epicatechin.
  • Measurement of cellular NO and cyclic GMP levels.
  • Assessment of protection against oxidative stress and NADPH oxidase activity.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • (-)-Epicatechin elevated cellular NO and cyclic GMP levels.
  • Flavanol O-methylation and apocynin-like inhibition of NADPH oxidase were observed.
  • Superoxide and peroxynitrite generation decreased, preserving NO levels.

    • Conclusions:

    • Endothelial NO metabolism, not general antioxidant activity, is a primary target of dietary flavanols.
    • NADPH oxidase is a crucial site of action for flavanols.
    • Flavonoid glucuronides may act as plasma transport metabolites.