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X-Ray Telescope Onboard Astro-E. II. Ground-Based X-Ray Characterization.

R Shibata, M Ishida, H Kunieda

    Applied Optics
    |March 25, 2008
    PubMed
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    The Astro-E x-ray telescope (XRT) achieved excellent imaging with a half-power diameter of 1.8–2.2 arcseconds. This advanced x-ray optics design significantly improved upon previous missions, enhancing effective area and field of view for cosmic observations.

    Area of Science:

    • Astronomy and Astrophysics
    • X-ray Optics and Instrumentation

    Background:

    • Characterization of x-ray telescopes is crucial for astrophysical observations.
    • Previous x-ray telescope designs, like the Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics (ASCA) XRT, had limitations in imaging capability and effective area.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To perform detailed x-ray characterization measurements of the Astro-E satellite's x-ray telescope (XRT).
    • To evaluate the imaging performance, effective area, field of view, and stray light characteristics of the XRT.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a narrow x-ray pencil beam for raster scan measurements at the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (Japan) x-ray beam facility.
    • Measured on-axis and off-axis half-power diameter (HPD), effective areas at various energies, field of view, and stray light intensity.

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    Main Results:

    • Achieved an on-axis HPD of 1.8–2.2 arcseconds, a significant improvement over ASCA XRT's ~3.6 arcseconds.
    • On-axis effective areas for X-ray Imaging Spectrometers (XIS) ranged from 440 cm² at 1.49 keV to 170 cm² at 9.44 keV, with X-ray Spectrometer (XRS) areas being 5–10% larger.
    • Field of view diameter was ~19 arcseconds at 1.49 keV, decreasing to ~13 arcseconds at 9.44 keV. Stray light intensity within the XIS field of view was at most 1% of the on-axis source intensity.

    Conclusions:

    • The replication method and scaled-up design of the Astro-E XRT led to superior imaging capability and increased effective area compared to ASCA.
    • The telescope demonstrated excellent off-axis performance and well-controlled stray light, making it highly suitable for sensitive x-ray astronomy.